Ayatollaha's Website
Grand Ayatollah Syed Ali Khamenie
Ayatullah Haajj Sayyid Ali Khamenei is the son of the late Ayatullah Sayyid Jawad Husaini Khamenei. He was born in Mashhad on the 17th of July 1939, which coincides with the 28th of Safar 1358 Hijri Qamari (lunar year). He was the second son of his parents, born into the house of Sayyid Jawad who lived a very simple life, like many of the scholars of his time, and it was from him that the family learned to live in a humble manner.
Remembering his life in his father’s home Ayatullah Khamenei says:
"My father was a well known religious scholar who was very pious and a bit of a recluse. We had a difficult life. I remember that sometimes at night we didn’t have anything in the house for dinner. Nevertheless my mother would try to scrape something up and that dinner would be bread- and-raisins."
"My father’s house - the one that I was born in and lived until about the age of four or five - was about a sixty to seventy square meter home located in the poor area of Mashhad. The house only had one room and a gloomy basement. Whenever a guest came to see my father - his idea was that a religious scholar’s home is a place where people come to seek help - we had to go to the basement until they left. Some years later a group of people who were very inclined to and friendly with my father bought a small empty lot beside our house so that he could build onto the house, and so we ended up with a three room house."
The Leader of the Islamic Revolution grew up poor but religious, and as his father was a pious and sincere religious scholar he was trained accordingly. At the age of four, along with his older brother Sayyid Muhammad, he was sent to an old fashioned school (Maktab) to learn the alphabets and Qur’an. Hence the two brothers were enrolled into a newly established Islamic school named Dar al- Ta`leem Diyanat, where the completed their primary studies.
During his time in high school he studied the book Jam e` al- Muqaddamaat, whereupon he began his studies in Arabic grammar. Later, after high school, he transferred to seminary studies and was taught Arabic grammar and other primary seminary studies by his father and other religious scholars of the time. Reflecting upon his reason for taking this path - the path of a religious scholar, Ayatullah Khamenei said:
Remembering his life in his father’s home Ayatullah Khamenei says:
"My father was a well known religious scholar who was very pious and a bit of a recluse. We had a difficult life. I remember that sometimes at night we didn’t have anything in the house for dinner. Nevertheless my mother would try to scrape something up and that dinner would be bread- and-raisins."
"My father’s house - the one that I was born in and lived until about the age of four or five - was about a sixty to seventy square meter home located in the poor area of Mashhad. The house only had one room and a gloomy basement. Whenever a guest came to see my father - his idea was that a religious scholar’s home is a place where people come to seek help - we had to go to the basement until they left. Some years later a group of people who were very inclined to and friendly with my father bought a small empty lot beside our house so that he could build onto the house, and so we ended up with a three room house."
The Leader of the Islamic Revolution grew up poor but religious, and as his father was a pious and sincere religious scholar he was trained accordingly. At the age of four, along with his older brother Sayyid Muhammad, he was sent to an old fashioned school (Maktab) to learn the alphabets and Qur’an. Hence the two brothers were enrolled into a newly established Islamic school named Dar al- Ta`leem Diyanat, where the completed their primary studies.
During his time in high school he studied the book Jam e` al- Muqaddamaat, whereupon he began his studies in Arabic grammar. Later, after high school, he transferred to seminary studies and was taught Arabic grammar and other primary seminary studies by his father and other religious scholars of the time. Reflecting upon his reason for taking this path - the path of a religious scholar, Ayatullah Khamenei said:
Grand Ayatollah Saanei
Imam Khomeini's Standpoint of Ayatollah uluzma Saanei and His Administrative Responsibilities
Ayatollah Saanei's uninterrupted and successful attendance of the late Imam's classes, his zeal for learning and understanding the Principles of the Imam's doctrine and his research works, accompanied by years of correspondence with his teacher, enabled him to earn Ayatollah Khomeini's highest regard and special consideration. This fatherly attention was behind the Imam's decision to bestow on an outstanding student like Ayatollah Saanei an uncommon treasure of knowledge and a wealth of moral rectitude as well as an exceptional clairvoyance on social issues and trends.
It was such intimate acquaintance and deep bonds of respect that led to the announcement of the Imam's decision on the First of Esfand 1358 Hegira (February the 19th 1980). Just over a year after the victory of the glorious Islamic revolution, the Imam, noting the manifest qualities of his former student and paying intelligent attention to the needs of the post of the membership of the Guardian Council, named his outstanding pupil and long-time friend and disciple, a member of this important state body. In the Imam's letter of appointment addressed to Ayatollah Sheikh Yusef Saanei, we read:
"As stipulated in Article Ninety One of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic intended to safeguard the rules of Islam and the decrees of the Constitution in regard to the legislation (to be passed at any future time) by the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the formation of the Council of the Guardians and the selection of six members of the Council, experts in Islamic jurisprudence and recognized as just and well-versed in issues of the day, is made incumbent upon me. Therefore, I hereby appoint Your Excellency as one of the six jurisprudent members of the Council of the Guardians. I pray to Almighty God to grant you even more success."
Ayatollah Saanei's uninterrupted and successful attendance of the late Imam's classes, his zeal for learning and understanding the Principles of the Imam's doctrine and his research works, accompanied by years of correspondence with his teacher, enabled him to earn Ayatollah Khomeini's highest regard and special consideration. This fatherly attention was behind the Imam's decision to bestow on an outstanding student like Ayatollah Saanei an uncommon treasure of knowledge and a wealth of moral rectitude as well as an exceptional clairvoyance on social issues and trends.
It was such intimate acquaintance and deep bonds of respect that led to the announcement of the Imam's decision on the First of Esfand 1358 Hegira (February the 19th 1980). Just over a year after the victory of the glorious Islamic revolution, the Imam, noting the manifest qualities of his former student and paying intelligent attention to the needs of the post of the membership of the Guardian Council, named his outstanding pupil and long-time friend and disciple, a member of this important state body. In the Imam's letter of appointment addressed to Ayatollah Sheikh Yusef Saanei, we read:
"As stipulated in Article Ninety One of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic intended to safeguard the rules of Islam and the decrees of the Constitution in regard to the legislation (to be passed at any future time) by the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the formation of the Council of the Guardians and the selection of six members of the Council, experts in Islamic jurisprudence and recognized as just and well-versed in issues of the day, is made incumbent upon me. Therefore, I hereby appoint Your Excellency as one of the six jurisprudent members of the Council of the Guardians. I pray to Almighty God to grant you even more success."
Grand Ayatollah Syed Ali Hussain Sistani
Grand Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Husaini Sistani was born on 9th Rabi Al-Awwal 1349 A.H. in the holy city of Mashhad. He was named Ali after his grandfather.
He was brought up into a family known for its religious background. He learned theological and rational sciences from many eminent and well-known religious scholars.
His father was named Sayyid Muhammad Baqir and his grandfather was the great 'Sayyid Ali' whose detailed biography has been brought in the book 'Tabaqaat Al-a'laam Al-Shi`a (Categories of Shia Scholars) (part 4 page 1432) by Aqa Buzurg Tehrani. He has mentioned that he was apprenticed to Late Ali Nahavandi in Najaf and to Mujadded Shirazi in Samarra ,iraq and finally to Sayyid Isma`il Sadr. In 1308 A.H. he returned to Mashhad and therein he settled and gained reputation as the teacher of renowned scholars such as the great Jurisprudent, Mohammad Reza Aal Yasin (may Allah bless him).
He was brought up into a family known for its religious background. He learned theological and rational sciences from many eminent and well-known religious scholars.
His father was named Sayyid Muhammad Baqir and his grandfather was the great 'Sayyid Ali' whose detailed biography has been brought in the book 'Tabaqaat Al-a'laam Al-Shi`a (Categories of Shia Scholars) (part 4 page 1432) by Aqa Buzurg Tehrani. He has mentioned that he was apprenticed to Late Ali Nahavandi in Najaf and to Mujadded Shirazi in Samarra ,iraq and finally to Sayyid Isma`il Sadr. In 1308 A.H. he returned to Mashhad and therein he settled and gained reputation as the teacher of renowned scholars such as the great Jurisprudent, Mohammad Reza Aal Yasin (may Allah bless him).
Grand Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani
Grand Ayatollah Sayyed M.S.Al.Hakeen
Introduction:
The Ahlulbait School of thoughts is characterized by the phenomena of creativity in energizing movement of the Islamic thought in its different branches and various fields of beliefs, Koran, education, jurisprudence and other issues where it is described with depth, clearness, originality and vitality which in reality represent the genuine approach of Islam and its live culture. The school of Shia Ijtihad have tried to reflect the reality of Islam from the purest sources by depending on the teachings of the pure Imams (peace be upon them) who were directing their followers to refer to the righteous scholars in the matters of religion and life and to know their high status because of their expertise in the matters of religion and their high persistence in considering the views and judgments. When we refer to the contemporary history of the holy city of Najaf which has been a dominant presence in the religious leadership and grand authority for Shi’sm and what it contributed in the this field, we can see that despite its harsh suffering, it contribute to the school of ijtihad and to the religious authority a new figure which indicate the depth of its originality, vigor of its scientific entity and it fulfillment of the true principles for which the infallible Ahlulbait sacrificed. Amongst the bright chapters that deserve a closer look is this biography of our great master, the big religious authority, the grand ayatollah Asayyid Alhakeem.
The Ahlulbait School of thoughts is characterized by the phenomena of creativity in energizing movement of the Islamic thought in its different branches and various fields of beliefs, Koran, education, jurisprudence and other issues where it is described with depth, clearness, originality and vitality which in reality represent the genuine approach of Islam and its live culture. The school of Shia Ijtihad have tried to reflect the reality of Islam from the purest sources by depending on the teachings of the pure Imams (peace be upon them) who were directing their followers to refer to the righteous scholars in the matters of religion and life and to know their high status because of their expertise in the matters of religion and their high persistence in considering the views and judgments. When we refer to the contemporary history of the holy city of Najaf which has been a dominant presence in the religious leadership and grand authority for Shi’sm and what it contributed in the this field, we can see that despite its harsh suffering, it contribute to the school of ijtihad and to the religious authority a new figure which indicate the depth of its originality, vigor of its scientific entity and it fulfillment of the true principles for which the infallible Ahlulbait sacrificed. Amongst the bright chapters that deserve a closer look is this biography of our great master, the big religious authority, the grand ayatollah Asayyid Alhakeem.
Grand Ayatollah Alozma Jannati
Ayatollah Alozma Jannaati was born in Shahrud in the year 1311 A.H. (1932 A.D.). He was 6 years of age when his noble father sent him to school to learn the Qoran and Farsi literature. At 11 he entered the religious seminary of Shahrud where he finished preliminary levels as well as part of the graduate level (known as Sat-h) within four years. He was in his 18 when he finished the higher levels of Jurisprudence and Osul (principles) along with Sabzevaari's 'Sharhe Manzume' (Commentary on a Philosophical Poem) whereupon he migrated to Mashhad and benefited profusely from teachers of the city's religious Seminary.
After sometimes, He traveled to Qom where he attended Khaarej lectures on Jurisprudence and Osul (Principles) given, respectively by Ayatollah Brujerdi and Ayatollah Khomeyni. He later traveled to the holy city of Najaf and settled there in the theological center for 25 years during which he benefited from many prominent scholars such as Ayatollah Shahrudi, Ayatollah Hakim, Ayatollah Shiraazi, Ayatollah Helli, Ayatollah Zanjaani, and Ayatollah Khoei.
Parallel to learning he also started teaching (Rasaael) and 'Sharhe Loma' and writing on various subjects. He taught the advanced graduate level (Rasaael, Makaaseb and Kefaaye) three times within eleven years at Jameat Al-Najaf. In recent years of his stay in Najaf, Ayatollah Alozma Jannaati was also teaching Osul (principles) at the Khaarej level in late Akhund Khorasani's madrese (religious school). When in Najaf, he wrote several books including a summary of Ayatollah Shahrudi lectures on Jurisprudence. He wrote this book in five volumes and presented it to the seekers of Jurisprudential knowledge.
After sometimes, He traveled to Qom where he attended Khaarej lectures on Jurisprudence and Osul (Principles) given, respectively by Ayatollah Brujerdi and Ayatollah Khomeyni. He later traveled to the holy city of Najaf and settled there in the theological center for 25 years during which he benefited from many prominent scholars such as Ayatollah Shahrudi, Ayatollah Hakim, Ayatollah Shiraazi, Ayatollah Helli, Ayatollah Zanjaani, and Ayatollah Khoei.
Parallel to learning he also started teaching (Rasaael) and 'Sharhe Loma' and writing on various subjects. He taught the advanced graduate level (Rasaael, Makaaseb and Kefaaye) three times within eleven years at Jameat Al-Najaf. In recent years of his stay in Najaf, Ayatollah Alozma Jannaati was also teaching Osul (principles) at the Khaarej level in late Akhund Khorasani's madrese (religious school). When in Najaf, he wrote several books including a summary of Ayatollah Shahrudi lectures on Jurisprudence. He wrote this book in five volumes and presented it to the seekers of Jurisprudential knowledge.
Ayatollah Sayyed Fadlallah
Biography
A journey of life and giving: The return to Lebanon (Part III) This third episode of the biography of the late Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah (ra), talks about the main intellectual activities of His Eminence in An-Najaf until he left it for good and settled in Lebanon. It also talks about his distinguished intellectual activity and the beginning of his political work, highlighting the political and intellectual changes that the region was undergoing at that time, and his principled stances towards certain issues, including the issue of the Israeli occupation to Lebanon
A Journey of Life and Giving: Birth and Childhood (Part I) Part one of the sequence: (The Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah: 'A Journey of Life and Giving') talks about the roots of his family that goes long back in history, his birth conditions, as well as the atmospheres that marked his childhood.
A journey of life and giving: His academic and religious studies (Part II) This part of the sequence: 'His Eminence, the Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah (ra): A journey of life and giving' handles the Sayyed's academic and religious studies in the Quran-teaching school, followed by the religious school (Hawza), which was the turning point in his journey of knowledge, as it marked his personality with the richness of thoughts and idea.
A journey of life and giving: The return to Lebanon (Part III) This third episode of the biography of the late Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah (ra), talks about the main intellectual activities of His Eminence in An-Najaf until he left it for good and settled in Lebanon. It also talks about his distinguished intellectual activity and the beginning of his political work, highlighting the political and intellectual changes that the region was undergoing at that time, and his principled stances towards certain issues, including the issue of the Israeli occupation to Lebanon
A Journey of Life and Giving: Birth and Childhood (Part I) Part one of the sequence: (The Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah: 'A Journey of Life and Giving') talks about the roots of his family that goes long back in history, his birth conditions, as well as the atmospheres that marked his childhood.
A journey of life and giving: His academic and religious studies (Part II) This part of the sequence: 'His Eminence, the Religious Authority, Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadlullah (ra): A journey of life and giving' handles the Sayyed's academic and religious studies in the Quran-teaching school, followed by the religious school (Hawza), which was the turning point in his journey of knowledge, as it marked his personality with the richness of thoughts and idea.
Grand Ayatollah al-Uzma Seyyid Kazim al-Haeri
التعريف هو السيّد كاظم بن السيّد علي بن السيّد جليل بن السيّد إبراهيم الحسينيّ الحائريّ.
ولد في العاشر من شعبان عام (۱۳٥۷ ﻫ. ق) في كربلاء المقدّسة.
وله خمسة أشقّاء توفّي اثنان منهم في سنّ الطفولة، واستشهد واحد منهم في سجون النظام البعثيّ البائد تحت التعذيب، وهو الشهيد سماحة آية الله السيّد محمّد علي الحسينيّ الحائريّ (رحمه الله) ، والباقي اثنان، وهما : سماحة حجّة الإسلام والمسلمين السيّد محمّدحسين الحسينيّ الحائريّ. وسماحة آية الله السيّد علي أكبر الحسينيّ الحائريّ حفظهما الله.
ولد في العاشر من شعبان عام (۱۳٥۷ ﻫ. ق) في كربلاء المقدّسة.
وله خمسة أشقّاء توفّي اثنان منهم في سنّ الطفولة، واستشهد واحد منهم في سجون النظام البعثيّ البائد تحت التعذيب، وهو الشهيد سماحة آية الله السيّد محمّد علي الحسينيّ الحائريّ (رحمه الله) ، والباقي اثنان، وهما : سماحة حجّة الإسلام والمسلمين السيّد محمّدحسين الحسينيّ الحائريّ. وسماحة آية الله السيّد علي أكبر الحسينيّ الحائريّ حفظهما الله.
Ayatollah Misbah Yazdi
Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi was born in Yazd, Iran in 1934. In Qum, from 1952 to 1960, he participated in the courses taught by Imam Khomeini, while at the same time, he studied Qur'an exegesis, and the philosophies of Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra with `Allamah Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i. He also attended, for approximately fifteen years, Ayatullah Bahjat's fiqh seminars. Ayatullah Misbah's preoccupation with socio-political issues goes back to his active participation in the Islamic uprising against the corrupt Pahlavi regime. When Imam Khomeini was forced into exile, he, accompanied by some other students of Imam including Shahid Beheshti, initiated discussions on Islamic perspectives on social problems such as jihad and the Islamic political system. Along with Ayatullah Dr. Muahmmad Beheshti, Ayatullah Ahmad Jannati, and Ayatullah Ali Quddusi, he was on the board of directors of Madrasah Haqqani, where for about ten years he also taught Qur'anic studies, philosophy, and ethics.
Since 1975 he established, directed, and taught in different academic institutes such as the education department in Dar Rah-i Haqq institute, Baqir al-`ulum Cultural Foundation, Daftar-i Hamkari Hawzah va Danishgah (the office for cooperation between the Hawzah and the university). He is now the director of the Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute in Qum. He was elected in 1990 to the majlis-i khibrigan-i Rahbari (The Council of Experts in Leaership) from Khuzistan province and was reelected in the next round from Tehran. He is the author of numerous works on Islamic and comparative philosophy, theology, ethics, and Qur'anic exegesis.
We will add a detailed biography in the near future, God willing.
Since 1975 he established, directed, and taught in different academic institutes such as the education department in Dar Rah-i Haqq institute, Baqir al-`ulum Cultural Foundation, Daftar-i Hamkari Hawzah va Danishgah (the office for cooperation between the Hawzah and the university). He is now the director of the Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute in Qum. He was elected in 1990 to the majlis-i khibrigan-i Rahbari (The Council of Experts in Leaership) from Khuzistan province and was reelected in the next round from Tehran. He is the author of numerous works on Islamic and comparative philosophy, theology, ethics, and Qur'anic exegesis.
We will add a detailed biography in the near future, God willing.
Ayatollah Uzma Taqi Behjat
Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani
ابعاد علمی و سیاسی آیت
ا... هاشمی رفسنجانی از عنفوان جوانی در حوزه علمیه به تحصیل علوم دینی پرداخت، و به درجه اجتهاد نائل گردید. ایشان از سال 1337 تا دوران پیروزی شکوهمند انقلاب اسلامی ایران در تمامی صحنههای مبارزاتی حضوری چشمگیر داشت، چنانکه دستگیریهای مکرر در 7 دوره متناوب از سالهای 1337 تا 1357 در مجموع چهارسال و پنج ماه نتوانست در عزم ایشان بر تداوم نهضت اسلامی به رهبری امام خمینی (ره) خللی ایجاد نماید. در اینجا به برخی از زمینههای متنوع فعالیتهای ایشان در قبل از انقلاب اشاره میشود:
- ایراد سخنرانیهای متعدد در مجامع مختلف بر ضد نظام ستم شاهی
- تاسیس مکتب تشیع
- ترجمه سرگذشت فلسطین
- تألیف امیرکبیر یا قهرمان مبارزه با استعمار
- تالیف تفسیر راهنما
- نشر مقالات گوناگون
- از اعضای حزب جمهوری
- سرپرست وزارت کشور
- ریاست مجلس شورای اسلامی
- امام جمعه موقت تهران
- جانشین فرماندهی کل قوا
- نیابت ریاست مجلس خبرگان
- ریاست جمهوری
- ریاست شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی
- ریاست شورای عالی امنیت ملی
- ریاست مجلس خبرگان رهبری
Grand Ayatollah al-Uzma Mazaheri
زندگي نامه مرجع عاليقدر حضرت آية الله العظمي مظاهري مدّظله العالي
تولد و دوران کودکي
مرجع عاليقدر حضرت آية الله االعظمي آقاي حاج شيخ حسين مظاهري، در سال 1312 هجري شمسي در «تيران»، يکي از شهرستانهاي استان اصفهان و در خانوادهاي مذهبي و روحاني و دوستدار خاندان پيامبر گرامي اسلام «صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم» پا به عرصۀ وجود نهادند.تقيد به شريعت و کوشش براي انجام واجبات و ترک محرمات الهي از ويژگي هاي برجستۀ خانوادۀ آيه الله العظمي مظاهري به ويژه والد ايشان، مرحوم حجة الاسلام و المسلمين حاج شيخ حسن مظاهري بود که اين مسأله، سهم بسزايي در رشد و تعالي روحي ايشان و علاقه مندي معظّم له در حوزۀ علميه داشت.
دوران تحصيل
آية الله العظمي مظاهري،با پايان دادن به تحصيلات غير حوزوي، در سال 1326هجري شمسي،براي تحصيل علوم ديني، وارد حوزۀ علميۀ اصفهان شدند. حوزۀ علميۀ اصفهان در دورههاي قبل،بهويژه در عصر صفوي،با ظهور عالماني برجسته و سترگ و بر پايي جلسات علمي درخشش فراوان داشت.در دوره اي که آية الله العظمي مظاهري به تحصيلات حوزوي روي آورده بود،حوزه اصفهان اگر چه درخشش پيشين را نداشت؛امّا همچنان از استادان بزرگ و حوزه هاي بحث و درس خالي نبود.معظّم له در ابتدا به مدرسه مسجد سيد اصفهان،که مقبره مرحوم سيّد شفتي نيز در آنجاست،وارد شده و مشغول به تحصيل شدند. آية الله العظمي مظاهري دروس دورۀ ادبيات و نيز بخشي از دورۀ سطح را در اصفهان،در نزد استادان بزرگ آن ديار،فرا گرفته و در سال 1330 هجري شمسي،به منظور تکميل تحصيلات خود و بهره مندي از محضر استادان حوزۀ علميۀ قم،به اين حوزه سترگ پاي نهادند و پس از پايان تحصيلات سطح عاليه،در درس خارج فقه و اصول اعاظم حوزۀ علميۀ قم شرکت جسته و در کنار آن به فراگيري دروس فلسفه، همانند اسفار و شفا و نيز تفسير و کلام پرداختند. معظّم له در طي اين سالها، از تدريس دروس حوزوي نيز غافل نمانده و از آغاز تحصيل،دروس فراگرفته را تدريس ميکردند. ايشان،عوامل کاميابي خود در زمينه هاي علمي را انتخاب استادان و هم مباحثه هاي خوب،تلاش براي مانع نشدن امور دنيوي در تحصيل، منظم بودن و تقويت دروس پايه ميدانند.
تولد و دوران کودکي
مرجع عاليقدر حضرت آية الله االعظمي آقاي حاج شيخ حسين مظاهري، در سال 1312 هجري شمسي در «تيران»، يکي از شهرستانهاي استان اصفهان و در خانوادهاي مذهبي و روحاني و دوستدار خاندان پيامبر گرامي اسلام «صلي الله عليه وآله وسلم» پا به عرصۀ وجود نهادند.تقيد به شريعت و کوشش براي انجام واجبات و ترک محرمات الهي از ويژگي هاي برجستۀ خانوادۀ آيه الله العظمي مظاهري به ويژه والد ايشان، مرحوم حجة الاسلام و المسلمين حاج شيخ حسن مظاهري بود که اين مسأله، سهم بسزايي در رشد و تعالي روحي ايشان و علاقه مندي معظّم له در حوزۀ علميه داشت.
دوران تحصيل
آية الله العظمي مظاهري،با پايان دادن به تحصيلات غير حوزوي، در سال 1326هجري شمسي،براي تحصيل علوم ديني، وارد حوزۀ علميۀ اصفهان شدند. حوزۀ علميۀ اصفهان در دورههاي قبل،بهويژه در عصر صفوي،با ظهور عالماني برجسته و سترگ و بر پايي جلسات علمي درخشش فراوان داشت.در دوره اي که آية الله العظمي مظاهري به تحصيلات حوزوي روي آورده بود،حوزه اصفهان اگر چه درخشش پيشين را نداشت؛امّا همچنان از استادان بزرگ و حوزه هاي بحث و درس خالي نبود.معظّم له در ابتدا به مدرسه مسجد سيد اصفهان،که مقبره مرحوم سيّد شفتي نيز در آنجاست،وارد شده و مشغول به تحصيل شدند. آية الله العظمي مظاهري دروس دورۀ ادبيات و نيز بخشي از دورۀ سطح را در اصفهان،در نزد استادان بزرگ آن ديار،فرا گرفته و در سال 1330 هجري شمسي،به منظور تکميل تحصيلات خود و بهره مندي از محضر استادان حوزۀ علميۀ قم،به اين حوزه سترگ پاي نهادند و پس از پايان تحصيلات سطح عاليه،در درس خارج فقه و اصول اعاظم حوزۀ علميۀ قم شرکت جسته و در کنار آن به فراگيري دروس فلسفه، همانند اسفار و شفا و نيز تفسير و کلام پرداختند. معظّم له در طي اين سالها، از تدريس دروس حوزوي نيز غافل نمانده و از آغاز تحصيل،دروس فراگرفته را تدريس ميکردند. ايشان،عوامل کاميابي خود در زمينه هاي علمي را انتخاب استادان و هم مباحثه هاي خوب،تلاش براي مانع نشدن امور دنيوي در تحصيل، منظم بودن و تقويت دروس پايه ميدانند.
Marjaa Ayatollah Sheikh Mohammad Musa Al-Yaqoobi
About Ayatollah al-Yaqoobi
Quotations from the Biography of The Religious Referential Authority,
the Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hajj Muhammad al-Yaqoobi
Birth and Upbringing
Sheikh Mu¦ammad al-Yaqoobi was born in the holy city of al-Najaf and, more precisely, in the house of his grandfather in the dawn on the seventeenth of Rabi` al-Awwal, AH 1380 falling on September 1960, which coincides with the anniversary of the birth of the Holy Prophet (saw). He grew up in the house of his grandfather until 1968 when his father moved to Baghdad where he had religious and social responsibilities and relations with the late Martyr Sayyid Mahdi, the son of the supreme religious authority, Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim.
In Baghdad, Sheikh Mu¦ammad completed his primary and secondary studies so successfully that he joined College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, in Baghdad University in 1978. He was then graduated in 1982, but he refused to join the military service, because he believed that joining the military service at that time would be considered support against the army of Islam, which was represented by the Iranian forces during the war that was imposed on the Islamic government of Iran. Because of this situation, he could not get married up to the end of the Iraq-Iran war. Immediately after that, he was married to the daughter of Martyr Sayyid Mu¦sin al-Musawi al-Ghurayfi, a family that had many marriage relationships with the al-Yaqoobi family.
Quotations from the Biography of The Religious Referential Authority,
the Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hajj Muhammad al-Yaqoobi
Birth and Upbringing
Sheikh Mu¦ammad al-Yaqoobi was born in the holy city of al-Najaf and, more precisely, in the house of his grandfather in the dawn on the seventeenth of Rabi` al-Awwal, AH 1380 falling on September 1960, which coincides with the anniversary of the birth of the Holy Prophet (saw). He grew up in the house of his grandfather until 1968 when his father moved to Baghdad where he had religious and social responsibilities and relations with the late Martyr Sayyid Mahdi, the son of the supreme religious authority, Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim.
In Baghdad, Sheikh Mu¦ammad completed his primary and secondary studies so successfully that he joined College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, in Baghdad University in 1978. He was then graduated in 1982, but he refused to join the military service, because he believed that joining the military service at that time would be considered support against the army of Islam, which was represented by the Iranian forces during the war that was imposed on the Islamic government of Iran. Because of this situation, he could not get married up to the end of the Iraq-Iran war. Immediately after that, he was married to the daughter of Martyr Sayyid Mu¦sin al-Musawi al-Ghurayfi, a family that had many marriage relationships with the al-Yaqoobi family.
Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Yousef Madani Tabrizi
G. Ayatollah Makaremshirazi
Introduction
The eminent scholar, Ayatollah Nasir Makarim Shirazi was born in the year 1345 AH (1924 CE) in the city of Shiraz, Iran into a religious family who were well known for their great level of spirituality and noble ethical traits. His eminence finished his elementary school studies in Shiraz and due to his eagerness to learn, his powerful memorizing capabilities and other great talents, he was regarded as one of the extraordinary students from amongst his fellow classmates and because of this, was able to complete two years of studies in one year!
The conditions that existed in Iran in those days obligated this young man - who possessed such a talent and great aptitude to choose the path of University studies to increase his knowledge and attain the higher (material) levels of secular studies. However through the hand of fate and the blessings of the Maintainer of the Universe and his own internal desires, this young man developed an attraction to becoming better acquainted and delve deep into the genuine teachings of Islam, especially since after the spring of 1348 AH (1937 CE) (just after he finished his primary school), the Islamic Seminaries went through a major transformation and had taken on a completely new form
The eminent scholar, Ayatollah Nasir Makarim Shirazi was born in the year 1345 AH (1924 CE) in the city of Shiraz, Iran into a religious family who were well known for their great level of spirituality and noble ethical traits. His eminence finished his elementary school studies in Shiraz and due to his eagerness to learn, his powerful memorizing capabilities and other great talents, he was regarded as one of the extraordinary students from amongst his fellow classmates and because of this, was able to complete two years of studies in one year!
The conditions that existed in Iran in those days obligated this young man - who possessed such a talent and great aptitude to choose the path of University studies to increase his knowledge and attain the higher (material) levels of secular studies. However through the hand of fate and the blessings of the Maintainer of the Universe and his own internal desires, this young man developed an attraction to becoming better acquainted and delve deep into the genuine teachings of Islam, especially since after the spring of 1348 AH (1937 CE) (just after he finished his primary school), the Islamic Seminaries went through a major transformation and had taken on a completely new form
Ayatollah Uzma Sheikh Hussain-al-vahid Khurasani
Ayatollah Syed Sadiq Hussaini shirazi
The Eminent Marje'
Ayatollah al-Udhma Sayyid Sadiq Hussaini Shirazi
Praise be to Allah the lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon Muhammad and his purified progeny.
The noble hadith states,
"Whoever amongst the Fuqaha' (scholars of Islamic sciences) guards himself against evil, protects (and upholds) his religion, counters his base desires, and obeys the commands of his Lord, then the general public should follow his example in religious matters (taqleed)."
On Monday 2nd Shawwal 1422, 17th December 2001 we lost the most eminent Marje' of recent history, the like of which Shi'a will not see for many generations to come, namely Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Imam al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Hussaini al-Shirazi Ridhwaan Allah Alayh. He was one of those divine scholars who upheld the truthful knowledge, and correct vision who were renowned for their noble and gracious manners and righteous deeds, excelled in writing and composition, and spread the knowledge and the teachings of Ahl-ul-Bayt Alayhim-us-salam. The late Imam has left behind for the Islamic library a magnificent heritage of more than one thousand books. He also trained hundreds of scholars, researchers, writers, and speakers, not to mention the thousands of believers. He also established hundreds of religious, educational and charity institutions and organisations around the world.
His loss is an irreplaceable loss not only to the Shi'a, or even the entire Muslim Ummah, but also to all of humanity, in more than one way.
We pray to Allah Almighty to bless him, and accommodate him with his pure ancestors Muhammad and his noble and impeccable progeny. We also pray to Allah Almighty to protect for us and for the Muslim Ummah, the brother of the late Imam, his eminence Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Sayyid Sadiq Shirazi who succeeded his late brother as the Marje'. We pray and ask Allah Almighty to help and support him to make up for the great loss we have encountered and to help him to carry the banner of the institution of the Shi'a Marje', and to help him execute faultlessly the duties of the office of the Marje', for he is prime successor for a good predecessor. Truly Allah is all-hearing and readily answers.
A brief look at the life of Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Sayyid Sadiq Shirazi
Ayatollah al-Udhma Sayyid Sadiq Hussaini Shirazi
Praise be to Allah the lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon Muhammad and his purified progeny.
The noble hadith states,
"Whoever amongst the Fuqaha' (scholars of Islamic sciences) guards himself against evil, protects (and upholds) his religion, counters his base desires, and obeys the commands of his Lord, then the general public should follow his example in religious matters (taqleed)."
On Monday 2nd Shawwal 1422, 17th December 2001 we lost the most eminent Marje' of recent history, the like of which Shi'a will not see for many generations to come, namely Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Imam al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Hussaini al-Shirazi Ridhwaan Allah Alayh. He was one of those divine scholars who upheld the truthful knowledge, and correct vision who were renowned for their noble and gracious manners and righteous deeds, excelled in writing and composition, and spread the knowledge and the teachings of Ahl-ul-Bayt Alayhim-us-salam. The late Imam has left behind for the Islamic library a magnificent heritage of more than one thousand books. He also trained hundreds of scholars, researchers, writers, and speakers, not to mention the thousands of believers. He also established hundreds of religious, educational and charity institutions and organisations around the world.
His loss is an irreplaceable loss not only to the Shi'a, or even the entire Muslim Ummah, but also to all of humanity, in more than one way.
We pray to Allah Almighty to bless him, and accommodate him with his pure ancestors Muhammad and his noble and impeccable progeny. We also pray to Allah Almighty to protect for us and for the Muslim Ummah, the brother of the late Imam, his eminence Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Sayyid Sadiq Shirazi who succeeded his late brother as the Marje'. We pray and ask Allah Almighty to help and support him to make up for the great loss we have encountered and to help him to carry the banner of the institution of the Shi'a Marje', and to help him execute faultlessly the duties of the office of the Marje', for he is prime successor for a good predecessor. Truly Allah is all-hearing and readily answers.
A brief look at the life of Ayatollah al-Udhma al-Sayyid Sadiq Shirazi
- Ayatollah al-Udhma Sayyid Sadiq Shirazi was born in the holy city of Karbala on 20.12.1360 H. He started his studies at a young age and continued his advanced studies at the hands of the scholars and Maraje' in the Hawzahs until he attained a distinguished degree in Ijtihaad.
- He developed the reputation for expertise and excellence in Fiqh and Ijtihaad such that he became renowned in the elite circles of top scholar and Ulema in the holy city of Qum, and before that in the holy cities of Karbala and Najaf, for his distinction and brilliance in various fields such as Usul, hadith, logic, righteousness, piety, etc.
- He grew up in family deeply rooted in knowledge and Islamic sciences, Fiqh and Ijtihaad, descendant of noble and honourable ancestry, a family with a history jihad and self-sacrifice . . . the family of al-Mujaddid al-Kabir Mirza Hassan al-Shirazi leader of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran - also known as the 'Tobacco Movement' – which fought off the take over of Iran by the British Empire, thereby creating another 'India' in Iran through economic deals with the then ruler of Iran. He grew in an environment of righteousness and piety, and embarked on his studies and research with all his means and abilities, seeking the knowledge of Islamic sciences until he attained a distinguished station in these fields.
- He vowed to totally dedicate himself to seeking knowledge, and adhere in all aspects of life to piety and good deed, serving the cause of Ahl-ul-Bayt alayhum-as-salam and defending their holy teachings. His excellence in Fiqh, Usul and other Islamic science gave him particular prominence amongst the eminent scholars of today.